Indigestion
Indigestion, also known as dyspepsia, is a collection of chronic or acute symptoms that describes pain and discomfort experienced in the upper abdomen.
Causes of Indigestion
Indigestion may occur as a result of overeating, eating foods that are high in fat, eating foods that are spicy, and eating too fast. Some of the other causes of indigestion may include the following:
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
- Peptic ulcer disease
- Cancer
- Inflammation of the pancreas
- Gallstones
- A structural abnormality
Symptoms of Indigestion
Symptoms of indigestion may be experienced either on a daily basis or on occasion. Some of the symptoms may include the following:
- Heartburn
- Nausea
- Bloating
- A feeling of fullness
- Pain or burning in the upper abdomen
Certain factors, such as alcohol, carbonated beverages or smoking, can increase the risk of symptoms.
Diagnosis of Indigestion
After a review of the patient's medical history and a physical examination, the doctor may conduct a series of tests to confirm diagnosis:
- Blood tests
- Breath or stool tests
- An endoscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract
- X-rays of the stomach and small intestine
- Ultrasound of the abdomen
- CT scan
Treatment of Indigestion
Treatment for indigestion depends on the underlying cause but can include modifying the patient's lifestyle habits, which may include the following:
- Modifying eating habits
- Using medications such as antacids and proton pump inhibitors
- Reducing or eliminating caffeine consumption
- Resting
- Eliminating alcohol, carbonated beverages, spicy and fatty foods from the diet
- Exercising regularly
- Antibiotics
Maintaining a healthy diet and active lifestyle may be helpful in preventing symptoms of indigestion.